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Second Circuit Court of Appeals ruling in Ocwen/PHH case is major victory for homeowners, landmark decision will expand, strengthen RESPA, Regulation X protections

Loan Modification

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Ocwen logo
Ocwen/PHH: The bad guys who tried to steal Riad Ghosheh’s home. Nearly 12,000 consumers have lodged complaints about the company with the CFPB.

In 2010 Kim Naimoli of Geneva, New York who was struggling to make her mortgage payments in the wake of the 2007-2008 collapse of the housing market, applied for a loan modification under the provisions of the federal Home Affordable Modification Program (HAMP). Over the next six years Ms. Naimoli did everything right: she completed and returned forms, complied with document requests, made her house payments on time, and, in accordance with the law, filed a “Notice of Error” (NOE) when Ocwen the company that was servicing her loan made mistakes.

During that same period Ocwen, now known as PHH, did everything wrong. The company failed to register mortgage documents, refused to abide by the terms of the loan modification agreement it had approved, did not acknowledge or respond to correspondence from Ms. Naimoli or her legal counsel, began refusing to accept her mortgage payments, revoked the loan mod agreement, and rejected an NOE requesting that the firm correct its blatant errors.

In 2017 DannLaw, one of the nation’s leading consumer protection law firms, sued Ocwen/PHH on Ms. Naimoli’s behalf in the Federal District Court for the Western District of New York alleging the company had committed multiple violations of the federal Real Estate Sales Practices Act (RESPA). In April of 2020 Judge Elizabeth A. Wolford granted the company’s motion for summary judgement and dismissed the case.

DannLaw immediately appealed and, in what DannLaw founder and former Ohio Attorney General Marc Dann hailed as a major victory for homeowners, the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit reversed Judge Wolford and held that Ocwen/PHH had indeed violated the law. According to Dann the decision, handed down on January 7, 2022, will have wide-ranging impact on the mortgage servicing industry because the New York City-based Second Circuit is one of the most influential courts in the federal judicial system.

The significance of the case is underscored by the fact that the judges asked the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau to a file a brief after oral argument. In the brief the CFPB essentially supported DannLaw’s position.

Javier Merino, leader of the DannLaw team that litigated the case said Ocwen/PHH never denied engaging in the conduct that nearly cost Ms. Naimoli her home. “The record is clear: the company made numerous errors, would not correct them, and then used their mistakes as justification for walking away from the loan mod they had previously approved,” he said. “Once we got them into court, they contended that because their admitted misdeeds were related to the denial of the loan mod and not mortgage servicing they weren’t covered by RESPA. Fortunately, the Second Circuit saw through that specious argument and ruled in our favor.” The decision may be viewed here.

“Ocwen/PHH is perennially ranked among the worst mortgage servicers in the U.S. so I’m certainly not surprised that their bad acts served as a catalyst for this landmark decision,” Marc Dann noted. “I find it both incredibly satisfying and ironic that the company’s persistent and willful violations of the law will strengthen and expand the protections offered by RESPA and benefit homeowners who are too often abused by the mortgage servicing industry.”

Dann said the case, which took years to move through the courts, demonstrates the importance of RESPA’s fee-shifting provisions which balance the legal playing field. “Contingency fee arrangements ensure that homeowners like Ms. Naimoli have the opportunity to seek and secure justice and receive the financial compensation they need and deserve,” he said. “They enable plaintiff’s law firms like ours to stand toe-to-toe with and defeat the white shoe law firms that represent the financial services industry case after case, year after year.”

Dann also said the case illustrates why borrowers must document in writing and preserve all communications and interactions they have with lenders. “The records Ms. Naimoli retained, including delivery receipts and originals and copies of all correspondence, allowed us to present clear and convincing evidence of Ocwen/PHH’s conduct to the Court. The value of those records and the role they played in our victory cannot be understated.”

For more information please contact Marc Dann at 216-373-0539 or email [email protected]

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Atty. Andrew Wolf AnnouncementDannLaw founder and former Ohio Attorney General Marc Dann announced today that Attorney Andrew Wolf of North Brunswick, New Jersey has become an “Of Counsel” member of DannLaw’s Consumer Protection and Class Action Litigation Practice groups. Wolf, who has earned a reputation as one of the nation’s most effective consumer advocates will be based in DannLaw’s New Jersey/New York office.

“Andrew Wolf’s impressive level of experience, skill, and knowledge will significantly enhance our ability to both fight for middle and working-class families and to handle the influx of cases that will be generated in the coming months as millions of Americans exit mortgage forbearance and the federal foreclosure moratorium sunsets,” Dann said. “We could not have picked a better time to add a talented attorney with Andy’s level of expertise in individual and class action consumer protection law to our outstanding team.”

Wolf, who has resolved hundreds of individual consumer protection cases and been named Class Counsel in more than 135 state and federal class actions since entering private practice 24 years ago, said he eagerly seized the opportunity to join the team of attorneys that has pioneered the use of the nation’s most complex laws to secure justice for consumers and hold corporate wrongdoers accountable for their actions.

“When I opened my first office in 1997, I wrote down a simple mission statement – I am going to be a consumer protection attorney whose goal is to help as many people as possible who have been ripped off or taken advantage of in some way,” Wolf said. “I knew that if I did that I would make a decent living. After accomplishing that goal for 24 years and helping tens of thousands of consumers along the way, my new goal is to continue doing that good work at DannLaw.”

“Our familiarity with and respect for Andrew’s body of work along with the synergies that existed between our two firms served as the catalyst for the discussions that resulted in our teaming up,” Dann said. “I’m confident our new relationship will benefit Andrew, DannLaw, and our existing and future clients while causing nothing but headaches for unscrupulous lenders, scam artists, and corporate miscreants of all types. Andrew and I wouldn’t have it any other way.”

Andrew Wolf’s biography may be viewed here.

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DannLaw founder Marc DannAs America struggles to shake the curse of COVID-19, millions of homeowners impacted by the pandemic continue to face numerous challenges, including determining what to do when mortgage forbearance ends. In this update, we’ll outline the available options and offer sound advice on how–and how not–to proceed.

Before we discuss the options available to homeowners already in forbearance, we want to share some breaking news as well as a reminder. The US Department of Housing and Urban Development just announced that it has indefinitely extended the deadline for borrowers with FHA loans to enter forbearance. The window for new applications was to close on Thursday, September 30, 2021.
The FHA’s decision brings the agency in line with Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac which have not set deadlines for initial applications. If you are not in forbearance but are struggling to make your house payment due to the pandemic and have an FHA or Fannie or Freddie-backed mortgage we urge you to take advantage of the opportunity to apply. If you have doubts or questions about what to do  please reach out Attorney Whitney Horton [email protected].
We also want to remind borrowers currently in forbearance that a number of extensions are available, but remember, extensions are not granted automatically. You must apply. For more information visit the CFPB forbearance information center.
That’s what’s new regarding initial forbearance and applications. Now we’ll take a look at the numerous and complicated options available to the nearly 2,000,000 homeowners who are preparing to resume making their mortgage payments.
As we’ve noted on numerous occasions, forbearance is not forgiveness. At some point, and that point is rapidly approaching for borrowers who paused payments early in the pandemic, homeowners will be responsible for missed payments, taxes, and other fees. That means now is the time to plan and execute an exit strategy based on the options that are available to borrowers whose loans are backed by the government which include repayment plans, deferral or partial claims, loan modifications, and lump sum reinstatements.
An explanation of each option may be found in our August 2021 update and the terms differ depending on whether the mortgage is insured by the Federal Housing Administration (FHA), The Veterans Administration (VA) the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) or is owned by Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac, or Ginnie Mae.
While we are glad that so many options are available, each is extremely complicated. Making the wrong choice can lead to devastating consequences, up to and including foreclosure. For that reason, we strongly suggest that you seek legal advice as you consider your options.
Homeowners whose mortgages are held by private lenders are especially at risk at the end of forbearance. If you are in forbearance, please stay in regular contact with your servicer because they have the ability to change the terms of your plan at any time. They can also require you to make a lump sum payment when forbearance ends. In addition, it is highly likely that any repayment options they offer will be designed to maximize their profit at your expense.
Whether you have a government-backed or private mortgage (or just don’t know) , the experienced DannLaw/Advocate Attorneys legal team is here to help. We invite you to contact us to arrange a free consultation so we can assess your situation and help ensure that your home and your finances don’t become victims of the pandemic.
Unfortunately, as often happens in crisis situations, the nation is being overrun by con men engaged in loan modification scams. If a company or individual makes promises that seem too good to be true, they probably are. Don’t put your financial security and your home at risk. Please seek help from reputable law firms–and remember, we regularly sue and recover damages from charlatans who bilk consumers. If you believe you are the victim of consumer fraud contact us right away.
Important notice about foreclosures.
The federal government’s foreclosure moratorium ended on July 31, 2021. Under new rules issued by the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau, foreclosure actions may proceed if the borrower:
  • Has abandoned the property.
  • Was more than 120 days behind on their mortgage before March 1, 2020.
  • Is more than 120 days behind on their mortgage payments and has not responded to specific required outreach from the mortgage servicer for 90 days
  • Has been evaluated for all options other than foreclosure and it is determined that foreclosure is unavoidable.
While foreclosure proceedings may begin, foreclosure is not necessarily a done deal. DannLaw’s experienced foreclosure defense attorneys have helped hundreds of families save their homes and their financial futures. We know how to use the law to protect borrowers and to hold lenders who violate the rules accountable.
If you were in foreclosure when the moratorium went into effect last year or believe your servicer or lender is about to begin proceedings to take your home, do not delay, contact DannLaw today to arrange a no-cost, no-obligation foreclosure defense consultation.
If you even suspect that a foreclosure will be initiated or reinstated Do not delay, contact us TODAY!  Click here to schedule an in-person, video conference, or telephone appointment or call us at 877-475-8100
Thanks for taking the time to read this important update. Be well, stay safe, and as always feel free to contact us should you have questions or need our help.
Sincerely,
Marc Dann
DannLaw
dannlaw.brmcstaging.com
877-475-8100

By

DannLaw founder Marc DannIt seems like just weeks ago we saw bright light at the end of the COVID-19 tunnel. Turns out that thanks to people who refuse to be vaccinated and the resultant spread of the highly contagious Delta variant of the Coronavirus that light may once again be an oncoming train that puts both lives and the nation’s economic recovery at risk. To eliminate that risk, we encourage everyone who has not already been vaccinated to roll up their sleeves and get their shot ASAP.

Unfortunately, the economic slowdown, more than 400,000 people a week are now filing new jobless claims, combined with Ohio Mike DeWine and other governors’ decision to rescind federally funded unemployment benefits leave millions of people at risk for losing their homes via eviction or foreclosure.

With that in mind, this update includes vital information about evictions, forbearance, and foreclosure…

First, a few updates on what we’ve been up to:

DannLaw Leads the Fight to Restore $1 Billion in Federal Benefits that Governor Dewine turned down for Unemployed Ohioans

You may have read about our effort to have the supplemental unemployment benefits restored to over 330,000 Ohioans. We argued in court that  Governor Dewine lacked the legal authority to refuse benefits made available to unemployed Ohioans by the Federal Government. While we lost the first round in Franklin County Court we are urging that the 10th District Court of Appeals to reverse the trial Judge’s decision. We are optimistic that our legal arguments on behalf of over 330,000 Ohioans will prevail. This is important not only to unemployed people but also to all of us. Those benefits will (and would have) pumped over $100 Million a week into Ohio’s economy. That money would be spent to support small businesses and employed workers throughout the state.

Ryder v. Wells Fargo Class Action Settles for $12 million: DannLaw Leads the Way

DannLaw and its co-counsel recently helped their clients resolve a class-action lawsuit against Wells Fargo related to glitches in the bank’s loan modification program: Ryder v. Wells Fargo Bank N.A., No. 1:19-cv-00638-TSB (S.D. Ohio). Through the settlement, roughly 1,830 class members will receive over $ 9 million in direct cash payments. No claim forms are required–checks will be issued directly to the class members. The rest of the settlement amount will be used to pay settlement administration fees and expenses, attorneys’ fees and expenses, and class representatives’ incentive awards. A copy of the settlement agreement may be found here and Plaintiffs’ Unopposed Motion for Preliminary Approval, filed on July 2, 2021, may be viewed here.

Foreclosure Moratorium Ends

The federal government’s foreclosure moratorium ended on July 31, 2021. Under new rules issued by the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau, foreclosure actions may proceed if the borrower:

  • Has abandoned the property.
  • Was more than 120 days behind on their mortgage before March 1, 2020.
  • Is more than 120 days behind on their mortgage payments and has not responded to specific required outreach from the mortgage servicer for 90 days
  • Has been evaluated for all options other than foreclosure and it is determined that foreclosure is unavoidable.

While foreclosure proceedings may begin, foreclosure is not necessarily a done deal. DannLaw’s experienced foreclosure defense attorneys have helped hundreds of families save their homes and their financial futures. We know how to use the law to protect borrowers and to hold lenders who violate the rules accountable.

If you were in foreclosure when the moratorium went into effect last year or believe your servicer or lender is about to begin proceedings to take your home, do not delay, contact DannLaw today to arrange a no-cost, no-obligation foreclosure defense consultation.

If you even suspect that a foreclosure will be initiated or reinstated Do not delay, contact us TODAY!  Click here to schedule an in-person, video conference, or telephone appointment or call us at 877-475-8100.

In Forbearance? Now is the time to begin planning your exit strategy…

There is also good news for homeowners in forbearance. The CFPB recently issued new rules designed to protect homeowners as mortgage forbearance programs and the moratorium on foreclosures end. The CFPB said the regulations, which take effect August 31, 2021, will give borrowers who stopped making their mortgage payments time to explore their options and require servicers to “redouble their efforts to work to prevent avoidable foreclosures.”

Among other things, the new rules will:

  • Give borrowers a meaningful opportunity to pursue loss mitigation options. To ensure that borrowers can pursue foreclosure avoidance options, servicers must meet temporary special procedural safeguards before initiating foreclosures through the end of the year.
  • Allow mortgage servicers to help borrowers faster.Servicers can now offer streamlined loan modifications to borrowers without making borrowers submit all the paperwork for every possible option. These streamlined loan modifications cannot increase borrowers’ payments and have other protections built into them.
  • Tell borrowers their options.Servicers will be required to increase their outreach to borrowers before initiating foreclosure and tell borrowers key information about their repayment or other options when they communicate with borrowers who are exiting forbearance or struggling to make mortgage payments.

Along with issuing the new rules, the federal government is also:

  • Extending the application deadline for homeowners who have not previously requested forbearance from July 1, 2021 to September 30, 2021. Six months of forbearance is available for new filers.
  • Providing homeowners who entered forbearance between July 1, 2020, and September 30, 2020, one additional three-month extension that will allow them to recover financially before resuming mortgage payments.

 Now is the time to begin planning your forbearance exit strategy.

Remember: forbearance is not forgiveness. At some point, borrowers will be responsible for missed payments, taxes, and other fees. The phase-out of the forbearance program and end of the foreclosure moratorium means now is the time for borrowers to plan and execute an exit strategy.

Fortunately, the CFPB’s new rules provide a clear roadmap to the future for many homeowners. Let’s take a look at the options available based on the type of loan you have. As always, the experienced legal team at DannLaw is available to help assess your situation and select the path that is right for you and your family. To arrange a no-cost, no-obligation consultation please complete and submit our contact form. We are eager to help you.

Generally speaking, borrowers whose loans are backed by the federal government have four ways to repay balances that accumulated during forbearance:

Repayment Plan

This option might be right for you if…
You can afford to pay more than your regular mortgage payment for a few months.

How it works
A portion of the amount you owe will be added to the amount you pay each month.

Deferral or Partial Claim

This option might be right for you if…
You can resume your regular payments but can’t afford to increase your payments.

How it works
These options will either move your missed payments to the end of your loan or put them into a subordinate lien repayable only when you refinance, sell, or terminate your mortgage.

Loan Modification

This option might be right for you if…
You can no longer afford to make your regular mortgage payment.

How it works
Your payment can be reduced to an affordable amount and your missed payments will be added to the amount you owe. Your monthly payments could also be lower, but it could take longer to pay off your loan.

Lump-sum Reinstatement

This option might be right for you if…
You want to pay back all of your missed payments at once.

How it works
For most loans, servicers cannot require you to pay a lump sum. So, if you only hear about a lump-sum repayment, ask about other options.

Now let’s look at the options available by the type of loan:

Fannie Mae/Freddie Mac.

Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac do not require a lump sum payment at the end of forbearance and offer repayment plans, deferrals and partial claims, and loan modifications. Your servicer should reach out to you about 30 days before your forbearance plan ends to determine which program is best for you.

HUD/FHA

HUD/FHA  does not require lump sum repayment at the end of the forbearance. Servicers will determine if the borrower is eligible for FHA’s COVID-19 Recovery Standalone Partial Claim home retention option no later than at the end of the forbearance period. This program is for homeowners able to resume making their monthly mortgage payments and places arrearages into a subordinate lien that is repaid only when the home is refinanced, sold, or the mortgage is terminated. This lien does not accrue interest.

Borrowers who cannot resume making existing monthly mortgage payments may be eligible for the COVID-19 Recovery Modification which extends the term of the mortgage to 360 months at a fixed rate and targets reducing the monthly principal and interest portion of monthly mortgage payments.

USDA Rural Housing Service 

USDA does not require a lump sum payment at the end of the forbearance. Borrowers able to resume making regular payments should be offered an affordable repayment plan or term extension that defers arrearages to the end of the loan. Servicers should determine if borrowers unable to begin making regular payments qualify for other loss mitigation options.

VA Loans

Servicers of VA loans cannot require borrowers to make a lump sum payment at the end of forbearance. VA currently offers repayment plans and loan modifications and is now evaluating other options that may be made available in the future.

An important note for borrowers with private loans.

Homeowners whose mortgages are held by private lenders are especially at risk at the end of forbearance. If you are in forbearance, please stay in regular contact with your servicer because they have the ability to change the terms of your plan at any time. They can also require you to make a lump sum payment when forbearance ends. In addition, it is highly likely that any repayment options they offer will be designed to maximize their profit at your expense.

DannLaw’s experienced legal team knows how to deal with and hold private lenders accountable. If you have a private mortgage, don’t hesitate to contact us to arrange a free consultation so we can assess your situation and help ensure that your home and your finances don’t become victims of the pandemic.

For comprehensive information about forbearance, repayment options, and other COVID-19-related mortgage issues please visit the CFPB’s Help for Homeowners webpage.

For Renters

The good news: on Tuesday, August 3, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) extended the eviction moratorium that had expired on July 31 until October 3, 2021. The eviction ban is in effect for areas of the nation experiencing “substantial and high levels of community transmission” of the coronavirus. That means 90% of the nearly 11 million people behind in their rent are protected.

According to the Biden administration, the extension will give renters and landlords time to access the more than $46 billion in aid that has been approved by Congress. To date only $3 billion has been disbursed. That means lots of dollars are available to pay for rent, late fees, utilities, and moving costs. You can learn more about the assistance programs here.

If you are behind in your rent payments, we strongly urge you to take the following steps:

  1. Determine if you are eligible for assistance. To be eligible you must have an agreement to pay rent for your home or mobile home lot. You don’t need to have a signed lease, and your home could be an apartment, house, mobile home, or other place. In addition, these factors must apply to at least one member of your household:
  • They did or should qualify for unemployment benefits;
  • They lost income
  • They owe large expenses or had other financial hardships
  • They are experiencing housing instability, which means they are at risk of becoming homeless or would have trouble finding a stable place to live.

Eligibility is also determined by household income based on where you live. For detailed information about eligibility click here then select your state, territory, or tribe from the pulldown menu.

  1. If you are eligible, apply TODAY! Do not wait, take advantage of the help that is available as soon as possible by clicking here then select your state, territory, or tribe from the pulldown menu.
  2. Communicate with your landlord. If you are behind in your rent, please communicate with your landlord. If you have applied for aid tell them. If you are not eligible, keep them advised of your situation and explore the possibility of working out a payment plan that will enable you to stay in your home when the moratorium ends.
  3. Do not ignore letters or summonses issued by a court. When and if you receive an eviction notice or are summoned to court, you must respond. Ignoring letters or failing to appear practically guarantees that you will be evicted.

Thanks for taking the time to read this important update, and as always feel free to contact us should you have questions or need our help. https://calendly.com/mdann

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A lot has changed since we posted our last update. A new president is in the White House, mortgage forbearance programs and foreclosure moratoriums have been extended by the federal government, a $1.9 trillion stimulus package is working its way through Congress, millions of Americans have been vaccinated against the coronavirus and the entire U.S. population may be inoculated by early summer.

For the first time in a very long time, there is light at the end of the COVID tunnel.

Unfortunately, that light could become an oncoming train for homeowners who make unwise or incorrect decisions when forbearance and foreclosure relief programs sunset in the months ahead. To help ensure that the end of the pandemic doesn’t mark the beginning of a nightmare for people pummeled by the virus, I’ll discuss the aid programs that are now available, how to take advantage of them, and then outline steps families should take now to secure their financial future.

FORECLOSURE MORATORIUMS

Let’s start by taking a look at the foreclosure landscape.

I’m pleased to report that there is some good news for borrowers whose mortgages are backed or owned by the federal government. The moratorium on foreclosures imposed by the Federal Housing Administration (FHA), Veterans Administration, the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), Fannie Mae, and Freddie Mac will remain in effect until June 30, 2021.

While the extensions provide much-needed breathing space for homeowners who were in or were about to be in foreclosure when the pandemic struck, I must emphasize that the bans are temporary reprieves, not pardons. Mortgage servicers will begin processing judicial and non-judicial foreclosures the minute the moratoriums are lifted.

The news isn’t anywhere near as good for homeowners with loans that are not government-backed. While some states have enacted eviction and/or foreclosure moratoriums that protect borrowers whose mortgages are held by private lenders, many, including Ohio, have not. That means foreclosure is a very real and imminent threat—especially as courts in more and more jurisdictions resume normal operations.

Whether you are now protected by a federal or state moratorium or are involved in an active foreclosure proceeding, now is the time to contact experienced legal counsel like the attorneys at DannLaw for advice.

We have helped thousands of families save their homes by negotiating affordable loan modifications and utilizing groundbreaking legal strategies that stop or soften the impact of foreclosure.

We also perform a thorough review of every client’s mortgage history and case file to determine if their servicer or lender made mistakes or committed violations of federal or state consumer protection laws. Those errors and violations often enable us to defeat the foreclosure claim and recover substantial monetary damages from lenders that can put families on the path to financial security.

To learn more about our innovative and highly effective foreclosure defense strategies schedule a free consultation by completing our contact form or sending us a direct message on Facebook. But don’t delay, every day you wait could bring you one day closer to losing your home.

Forbearance

Before I dig into the details about the current state of forbearance relief, please keep this oft-repeated phrase in mind:

Forbearance is NOT forgiveness.

As I have noted in every one of our COVID updates, borrowers will be required to make the principal, interest, and escrow payments that have been deferred when their forbearance period ends. No one, not President Biden, members of Congress, nor the CEOs of major lenders and servicers has ever so much as hinted that these costs will be forgiven. That means homeowners will, at some point, be on the hook for thousands of dollars in arrearages.

That said, here is an overview of the relief programs that are available and applicable deadlines.

Borrowers with FHA, VA, or USDA loans have the right to request up to 12 months of forbearance in two six-month increments. The deadline to apply for an initial 180-day forbearance period has been moved from March 31, 2021 to June 30, 2021.

In addition, the agencies are also providing two extensions of up to three months each for homeowners who paused payments on or before June 30, 2020. The extensions will give homeowners nearing the end of their maximum 12-month forbearance period extra time to recover from financial hardships caused by the pandemic. Borrowers who qualify must apply for the additional time no later than June 30, 2021.

Homeowners with Fannie Mae/Freddie Mac loans are eligible for up to 12 months of forbearance. At this point, the agencies have not set a deadline to apply for an initial 180-day forbearance period.

Like the FHA, VA, and USDA, Fannie and Freddie are also giving borrowers approaching the end of their maximum forbearance period more time to resume making payments.  Homeowners who entered forbearance on or before February 28, 2021 may now request an additional three months of relief.

With due apologies to Shakespeare, we’ve arrived at the point in the update where I must say: To forbear or not to forbear, that is the question. Although every situation is different, here are some broad guidelines that will help borrowers with government-backed loans determine if they should enter, remain in, or avoid forbearance:

  • While forbearance is not a perfect solution, it is far better than foreclosure. That is why struggling homeowners should take advantage of the available relief programs. If you are in forbearance and are unable to resume making your mortgage payments stay in until you are back on your feet. If you are not in forbearance but need to be, contact your lender, and apply ASAP.
  • If you are in forbearance but can now afford to make your mortgage payments, it’s time to plan and execute an exit strategy. Staying in longer than necessary will needlessly increase the amount of deferred principal, interest, and escrow you owe moving forward.
  • Borrowers who have been and can continue to make their mortgage payments should avoid forbearance like the plague.

Deciding how to settle the balances accrued during forbearance is just as important as choosing whether to enter the program and when or if to leave. While the specific plans offered by each agency differ, in general, the following four options are available. It is important to note that FHA, VA, USDA, Fannie and Freddie are prohibited from requiring borrowers to make lump sum payments of the amounts due.

Repayment plan. This option enables borrowers to pay the balance due by increasing their mortgage payment for a few months.

Deferral or partial claim. This option allows homeowners who can resume making their regular payments but can’t afford more to move missed payments to the end of their loan or put them in a subordinate lien repayable only when they refinance or sell their home or terminate their mortgage.

Loan modification. Borrowers who can no longer afford their pre-pandemic mortgage payment can negotiate a loan modification. The amount owed in deferred principal, interest, and escrow will be rolled into the loan. The monthly payment will probably drop, but the term or the principal balance of the mortgage may increase.

Lump-sum reinstatement. An option to consider for borrowers who have the financial wherewithal to pay back missed payments all at once.

Your mortgage servicer should reach out to you 30 days before your forbearance period ends to discuss your options. Here are two important points to ponder:

First, remember, you cannot be forced to make a lump sum payment. If that is the only option offered by the servicer, ask them about the other plans they offer.

Second, each repayment option is complicated and carries risk. Don’t think for a minute that your servicer is looking out for your best interests. In many cases the opposite is true. That is why you should consult with DannLaw before leaving forbearance. We will work with you to devise an exit strategy that protects you and your family and helps secure your financial future.

Things are even more complicated and risky for homeowners whose mortgages are held by private lenders. If you are in forbearance, please stay in regular contact with your servicer because they have the ability to change the terms of your plan at any time. They can also require you to make a lump sum payment if you choose to leave or they decide to end your forbearance period. In addition, it is highly likely that any repayment options they offer will be designed to maximize their profit at your expense.

DannLaw’s experienced legal team knows how to deal with and hold private lenders accountable. If you have a private mortgage, don’t hesitate to contact us to arrange a free consultation so we can assess your situation and help ensure that your home and your finances don’t become victims of the pandemic.

Finally, I want to remind everyone that forbearance is not automatic. You must always contact your lender or servicer and ask to defer your payments and you must make the request no later than the deadlines I’ve listed in this update.

If you have any questions about forbearance, foreclosure, or other consumer credit or lending issues, do not hesitate to contact us. We are here to help.

Thank you for taking the time to read this update. Be well, and take heart, we’ve come a long way together and I’m confident better days are just ahead.

By

Hello, happy holidays, and welcome to DannLaw COVID-19 update 12. In this edition, I’ll unwrap the details of the long-overdue stimulus package that was just passed by Congress and signed by the President.

While the 5,600-page bill doesn’t contain anything that would set 12 lords to leaping or qualify as tidings of great joy, it does provide some much-needed financial relief and protection for consumers, workers, and homeowners impacted by the ongoing pandemic.

Direct Payments

Like the CARES Act, the new bill funds direct payments to individuals and families. Single adults with adjusted gross incomes of up to $75,000 in 2019 will receive $600. Couples earning up to $150,000 will receive $1,200. People who earn up to $112,500 and file as “head of household” will also receive $600. The payment will increase by $600 for each child under the age of 17 in a family.  People with incomes above these levels will receive a partial payment that declines by $5 for every $100 in income.

If you earned less in 2020 than 2019 and would be eligible for a payment as a result, you will be able to claim the money as a refundable credit when you file your tax return for 2020. Be on the lookout for instructions on how to request the payment when your tax forms arrive—if you don’t ask for it you won’t get it.

According to Treasury Secretary Steve Mnuchin, payments via direct deposit should start showing up in bank accounts within two weeks. If yours is being delivered via the USPS it may take much longer to arrive.

Extended Unemployment Benefits

The bill extends unemployment benefits until at least March 14, 2021, for people receiving state-level benefits as well as those who are receiving checks from the Pandemic Unemployment Assistance (PUA) program which covers the self-employed, gig workers, part-timers, and others who are typically ineligible for regular unemployment payments. Everyone who qualifies for unemployment checks will also get an additional weekly payment of $300 through March 14.

Although it is half the amount provided by the CARES Act, the extra $300 per week will be critically important for families struggling to keep their heads above water as the third wave of the pandemic washes over the U.S. and the wait for vaccines to become widely available continues.

If your benefits have run out, log onto your state’s unemployment website to see if you must do anything to receive the extended aid. According to experts, most states should automatically restart your payments, but I strongly urge you to be proactive and check for yourself.

And I know this will come as a surprise, but you will probably have to wait a few weeks for new payments to arrive.

Mortgage Forbearance

As we’ve noted in previous updates, the CARES Act provides for up to 12 months of payment suspension/forbearance for borrowers with federally-backed loans owned by Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac or insured by the FHA, VA, or the Department of Agriculture. While forbearance is a valuable tool that is helping many families remain in their homes, there are some important things to keep in mind about forbearance:

First, forbearance is not automatic—you must apply. Fannie and Freddie have not set a deadline for accepting applications but if your loan is insured by the FHA, VA, or USDA you must contact your servicer and request an initial Covid-19 forbearance on or before February 28. Click here to learn more about the Fannie/Freddie forbearance process and here for info if your mortgage is backed by the FHA, VA, or the U.S. Department of Agriculture.

Second, and I know I’ve said this numerous times, FORBEARANCE IS NOT FORGIVENESS. At some point, you will be required to make the principal, interest, and escrow payments that have been deferred. Whether you have been in forbearance for some time or intend to apply, you should consult with an experienced mortgage attorney to discuss the financial challenges you will face when forbearance ends. I invite you to contact DannLaw to arrange a free consultation so we can evaluate your situation and begin planning an exit strategy that will enable you to preserve your equity and keep your home.

Third, if you are in forbearance look closely at your monthly statement to make sure it is correct. You should also check your credit report. If your servicer is entering negative information or you notice discrepancies contact us so we can help protect you and determine if you have legal claims that may entitle you to financial compensation.

Fourth, If you haven’t been able to make payments because you lost your job or were laid-off when the COVID-19 crisis cratered the economy but are now back to work you should consider taking your loan out of forbearance before the amount of delayed interest, principal, and escrow you owe becomes unmanageable.

Foreclosure Moratoriums Extended

I’m pleased to report that Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac, the VA, FHA, and USDA have extended the moratoriums on foreclosures enacted earlier this year. Single-family homeowners with loans backed by Fannie, Freddie, or the VA are now protected from foreclosure through at least Jan. 31. The FHA moratorium will remain in effect until February 28.

In addition to the CARES Act moratorium, the governor of New Jersey issued an executive order in March that prohibits foreclosure-related evictions. Under the order, homeowners cannot be removed from a residence even if a final judgment of foreclosure has been entered and a sheriff’s sale of the property has taken place. The order will remain in effect until two months after the governor declares the COVID-19 crisis has ended. In addition, more than 150 private lenders in the state have agreed to offer relief to homeowners impacted by COVID-19. You can learn more about the programs being offered in New Jersey here.

You can find a complete list of states that have imposed foreclosure/eviction moratoriums here.  Ohio is conspicuous by its absence–the state has done nothing to assist homeowners.

Unfortunately, the CARES Act forbearance and foreclosure programs do not apply to borrowers whose loans are not “government-backed.” That means unless you live in a state that has enacted protections that apply to private lenders foreclosure remains a very real threat. If you are being threatened with or are already in foreclosure, I urge you to contact DannLaw today to arrange a free consultation. We may be able to take steps to slow down the process and help you save your home.

Eviction Relief

The bill extends the CDC-ordered moratorium on evictions until January 31 and provides $25 billion that will be distributed by state and local governments to people who have fallen behind in their rent.

To receive assistance a renter’s household income for 2020 may not exceed more than 80 percent of the area median income, at least one household member must be at risk of homelessness or housing instability, and individuals must qualify for unemployment benefits or have experienced financial hardship — directly or indirectly — because of the pandemic.

We will provide details on how to apply for this critically important aid as they become available.

Student Loans

The Department of Education has extended the federal student loan relief included in the CARES Act, including zero-interest-rate forbearance and a moratorium on collection activity, until January 31.  Here’s an important tip: make your payments if you can because every dollar will be used to reduce the principal on your loan. Follow my advice and you will owe considerably less when the relief programs end.

I do have bad news for people with private student loans: you don’t qualify for the relief programs. That means debt collectors can continue to pursue and torment you during the pandemic.

Renewal of Paycheck Protection Program

Most of the funding in the new stimulus package is devoted to renewing and strengthening the Paycheck Protection Program (PPP) created by the CARES Act. Unlike the original version of the PPP, the revised edition focuses on small businesses, including those with ten or fewer employees, minority-owned firms, and companies located in low-income areas. You can find more info about the restructured program here.

We will provide details of how and where to apply for the new, improved version of the PPP in the coming weeks, but I urge any and every business owner who may be eligible to explore and participate in the program.

Thanks for taking a few minutes to read DannLaw Covid-19 Update 12. As always, we are here to help homeowners and consumers so please feel free to contact us if you need help or advice.

Happy New Year to you and yours and best wishes for a great 2021.